On the surface, CSH seemed to be a fairly pleasant place. HomePLACE is supported with federal Library Services and Technology Act funds administered by the Institute of Museum and Library Services through the Georgia Public Library Service, a unit of the Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia. S. AllenJane AllenMargarette A. AllenMary Ann AllenRobert T. AllenMr. ", Sept. 8 discussion to explore history of Nursing at Central State Hospital. Digital Collections is the National Library of Medicine's free online resource of biomedical books and still and moving images. America's Long-Suffering Mental Health System Thayer attributed most abuses to politicians, both democrats and republicans, who provided insufficient funding for the hospital which, in turn, led to understaffing, the hiring of poorly trained help, patient abuse, and inadequate food for patients. Unfortunately, shining stars, like Dr. Bruetsch, could not overcome the many obstacles CSH faced in the 20th century. Central State Hospital 2450 Vinson Highway This requires more attention to the individual patient. A. J. FlemisterWilliam FletcherVirginia FlorencePolly A. Floyd, David T. Fo?Nancy FordR. (478) 445-4128 Cooper served to 1845 when he was dismissed and replaced as superintendent by Dr. Thomas A. Three indexes can be found at the end of this book. Central State Hospital is proud to be continuously accredited by the Joint Commission since 1983. The attendants, however, were not completely to blame. I have no response to my request. Carter MooreJohn H. MooreSandford W. MooreDeWit C. MorganMastin MorganMercy MorganMorrimElizabeth P. Morrison, Almida MossBetsy Ann MossJosiah MossMartha MossMelissa MossRobert MossWilliam MossMartha MoundJ. 2450 Vinson Highway Payton B. Cook Building, Forensics Facility Milledgeville, GA 31062. Ziff, K. K., & ProQuest. G. BowersJohn BowmanJames BoydSamuel BoydWilliam BoydTemperance BracewellJohn BradleySarah BradyJohn BrameLUcy BranchJefferson BrandThomas D. BrandW. Accessibility In the context of Central State Hospital, this assertion rings true; moral treatment at CSH typically entailed impressing middle-class and protestant work ethics and mores on patients, most of whom were poor or struggling. Central State Hospital (CSH), is a maximum secure Forensics facility which provides state of the art multi-disciplinary services including psychiatric evaluation, treatment and recovery services for persons referred from the state's criminal justice and corrections systems. Edenharter skillfully married the pathology department with state medical education. GreenFrederick GreeneKenneth C. GreeneSarah GreenwoodLetitia GrubbsW. In hopes of altering the patients' physiological and mental state, CSH physicians administered liberal doses of narcotics, stimulants, emetics, and purgatives. The panel, which will include two retired Central State Hospital nurses and Gail Godwin, Assistant Professor of Nursing at Georgia College and co-author of an oral history study on psychiatric clinical experiences, will discuss the history of nursing and how Central State Hospital changed the medical field in Georgia. Dr. Fletcher was so pleased with her work -- "Dr. Sarah Stockton has continued her duties with perfect satisfaction and good results" -- that he featured her report of the "special work in the Department of Women" in the hospital's 1885 annual report to the board of trustees. Central State - Milledgeville East Central - Augusta & Gracewood Georgia Regional - Atlanta Georgia Regional - Savannah . C. PollardMargaret L. PollardJohn G. PollockWilliam PoolWilliam PopeWilliam PoppellDelila PorterJohn W. PorterMartha PorterMary PorterHenderson PoteeteWilliam M. PotterDr. Binding: Case Binding (hardcover) The hospital also held religious services on the Sabbath for Christian patients. Abrand new facility was openedin March of 2018.) For over 30 years, BMHA has been providing grassroots advocacy and a platform to engage national thought leaders, local leaders and the community in proactive and solutions-focused dialogue to educate and change both the narrative and perceptions regarding whole health and mental illness. Privacy Policy. "The patients were brought here usually in a car or ambulance, police. Call 1-800-GEORGIA to verify that a website is an official website of the State of Georgia. Posey with the Insane and Sane: Forgive and be Forgiven EXPLORE CEDAR LANE CEMETERY Subpoena Papers: addressed to relative or friend summoned to testify that the individual in question was indeed insane. Founded in 1842, Central State Hospital in Milledgeville changed in major ways over the years witnessing advances in medical technology and patient care. Portion of Dr. Stockton's Report to the Managers of the Indiana Reform School for Girls and Woman's Prison, 1895 (89.6 kb). Due to the low wages and the long hours the hospital offered, CSH was unable to attract high-caliber, well-trained personnel. Family members may requestinformation from a deceasedpatient's records onlyafterestablishing a clearly documentedrelationship. Pages: 145 (135 numbered) Did the pathology department live up to Edenharter's expectations? In the early 1800s, middle-class values were synonymous with older, protestant beliefs that emphasized hard work and an orderly, religiously conservative lifestyle in an agricultural setting. Mad In America: Bad Science, Bad Medicine, and the Enduring Mistreatment of the Mentally. Based at the University of Georgia Libraries, theDigital Library of Georgiais a GALILEO initiative that collaborates with Georgia's libraries, archives, museums and other institutions of education and culture to provide digital access to key information resources on Georgia history, culture and life. 1831 Grand Concourse . Burials in the city cemetery, 1869-1904, and leases granted by the city of Milledgeville for 1000 years FamilySearch Library. And, now, the stakes were even higher: segments of the new middle-class were not only powerful and wealthy, but also embraced a reformist zeal and philanthropic spirit that far exceeded that of earlier generations. 620 Broad Street, Milledgeville, Georgia, 31062 E. TullisMr. Race and Medicine in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century America The Archives also has open to the public Medical Case Histories from 1871 up to seventy-five years ago. The DBHDD website provides mental health resources available to the residents of the State of Georgia. This report introduces scholars interested in the history of psychiatry to the extraordinary collection in the HMD and NLM. Record book on Central State Hospital nursing students, Milledgeville, Georgia, 1910-1957 Creator: Cheeves, Rubye P. Date of Original: 1910/1957 Subject: Nursing students--United States State hospitals--Georgia--Milledgeville Psychiatric nurses--Georgia--Milledgeville Psychiatric nursing--Georgia--Milledgeville Psychiatric hospitals--Employees Entry from Central State Hospital Prescription Book, 1912 [44kb]. My grandfather was a patient. Dr. Wallace Mandell, of the John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health discusses the origins of mental health in the United States. The hospital, the state's first mental institution, was authorized in 1837 and opened to patients at the end of 1842. Fortunately, the Indiana State Archives, the Indiana State Library, and the Indiana History of Medicine Museum (housed in one of the hospital's remaining nineteenth-century edifices), are preserving the history of an institution that served, albeit not always well, the mentally ill of Indiana for 146 years. Patients also spent much of their free time strolling about the hospital's idyllic grounds and greenhouse. the history of mental health treatment in the United States and the stigma that is still sometimes connected to mental illness today. Graham, P. K., & R.J. Taylor, Jr., Foundation. These modern buildings and the medical staff therein continued to serve the state's mentally ill, until allegations of patient abuse and funding troubles sparked an effort to forge new alternatives to institutionalization which, in turn, led to the hospital's closure in 1994. It creates a demand for accurate case and clinical histories. Milledgeville; Central State Hospital Cemetery #4; Added: 10 Nov 2014; Find a Grave Cemetery ID: 2559538; Over the past five years, Central State Hospital investigators substantiated 31 complaints of physical abuse against patients, 33 for patient neglect, 9 for verbal abuse and 3 for patient . (2008). Allen Building Visitation strengthens family connections, aids in the recovery process, and, when possible, increases the likelihood of a successful return to the community. In the nineteenth century, the term insanity represented a broad spectrum of mental disorders as diverse as schizophrenia to the most severe of sociopathic disorders. CCCS operates seven Community Living Arrangements (CLA), serving 37 individuals. In fact, lurid tales of patient abuse played a major role in the dismantling of Central State Hospital. "Tom" Sawyer State Park can be traced back hundred of years to the Shawnee tribes who once called most of what is now Kentucky home. (2012). But for the Grace of God: The Inside Story of the Worlds Largest Insane Asylum, Milledgeville. : WGBH Educational Foundation. Savitt, T., & Savitt, T.J. (2006). BarnettTilman BarnettMahala BarnsEdward W. BarnwellSophia BarnwellStephen H. BartonSarah E. BashlerBatt. Through interviews with former patients and their families, students, and medical historians, this documentary provides an unprecedented look at one of the darkest chapters in psychiatric history. Built in 1928-1929, this building served as a general medical-surgical hospital until it was closed in 1979. Each patient record begins with a list of basic facts, with their name, county of origin, age, marital status, and other facts depending on the . You will need to make arrangements with them directly. A Brief History of Electroconvulsive Therapy A book from Amazon.com, by Paul K. Graham. What did nineteenth-century physicians think was at the heart of insanity? Several important medical developments spurred this transformation and, in turn, initiated changes in both medical treatment at CSH and the makeup of its medical staff. J. MicklejohnF. Yet, she still believed that this class of disorders could cause insanity. Dramatic and musical clubs performed plays and musical numbers in the hospital auditorium. My mother was only at CSH for a few. Dr. Bahr insisted that the pathology department serve the purpose it was intended for: " A department of pathology and research is also a necessary adjunct to every state hospital because it stimulates the members of the staff to greater professional effort. I did have to obtain a court order, but it wasnt a problem. This impressive designation took place in a small rural town in Middle Georgia, which only had a population of 11,117 in 1960. Back to the Central State Hospital Index. An intriguing account of a young woman who overcame institutionalization and a devastating marriage to find a sound mind and true love. Unfortunately, Dr. Fletcher's reforms in the early 1880s were often ignored by his successors. F. CarsonJohn Lawrence CarsonPenelope T. CarswellEldridge CashEldridge S. CashWashington CashJohn H. CasteelMargaret CavenoughJacob ChadbourneEdwin ChambersJosiah ChambersNathan ChambersMartha ChanceSarah ChandlerWily J. ChandlerE. Cranford, P. G. (1981). With recent downsizing, CSH is moving toward a more specialized inpatient psychiatric care module for Forensic inpatients in a maximum secure facility. 1809 trumpus. For access to services and immediate crisis help, call theGeorgia Crisis & Access Line(GCAL) at1-800-715-4225, available 24/7. "Very often we would do 75 or 80 shock treatments, or ESTs. Each patient record begins with a list of basic facts, with their name, county of origin, age . Records from Georgia Lunatic Asylum/Central State Hospital Milledgeville. McCallMcCleskyDaniel H. McCollumDaniel McCookFrances McCormickAlpheus McCraryGreen B. McCrarySamuel McCraskeyJohn McDanielJohn W. McDanielAlexander McDonaldEliza McDonaldJohn S. McDonaldWilliam Sheppard McDonaldFrances McElhannonArthur McGrathArthur McGrawElizabeth McGuireJames McGuireZachariah McGuireThomas McGurlSarah Ann McHughJames McLanahanElizabeth McLendonChristian McLeodSarah McLeodMary C. McMahenAndrew McMickinCaroline M. McMillanElizabeth J. McMillinLucinda McPhersonMartha McRaeMary McRaeAlexander McRanieWilliam J. McCracyWilliam McVinneyJames McWhorterJonathan MeltonSarah MeltonT. The Individuals served have a history of frequent psychiatric hospitalizations, incarcerations and legal issues. Posey with the insane and sane: forgive and be forgiven. Central State Hospital Aerial Photograph, 1985 [71 kb]. The below resources are a miniscule sampling of the information available and we recommend further exploration and engagementwith the complexitiesof mental healthhistory and the current practices that impact contemporary society. FortEdward FosterDavid FoxJohn L. FreemanMalachi J. FrostHarriet GadisWilliam GadisFeinister GaileyJames Garigan Jr.M. CLAs have 24/7 awake staff for safety, continuous supervision, monitoring, and assistance. Abuses occurred, in part, due to understaffing and poor training. Psychosurgery, Ethics, and Media: A History of Walter Freeman and the Lobotomy. 2450 Vinson Highway This comprehensive collection provides a fascinating summary of the debates on the growth of institutional care during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Mad In America: Bad Science, Bad Medicine, and the Enduring Mistreatment of the Mentally Ill "Indiana Crazy House," Albert Thayer, circa 1880s (99.7 KB). Abandoned Central State Hospital in Milledgeville, Georgia is a decaying witness to changing attitudes toward mental illness and asylums. The DBHDD website provides mental health resources available to the residents of the State of Georgia. As the century progressed, however, work became more regimented and production oriented. IT HOUSED MORE 12,000 PATIENTS IN THE 1960S. Revising and revisiting Foucaulty, it looks at the significance of ethnicity, race and gender, as well as the impact of political and cultural factors. Before sharing sensitive or personal information, make sure youre on an official state website. Removing part of the patient's brain to alter their behavior. CSH celebrated Christmas by hosting a holiday celebration, during which the staff presented a gift to each patient. The Ruth Mosely Center, located in Macon, Georgia,is funded by the estate of Ruth Hartley Mosley, the first Black head nurse appointed to oversee a department at the Georgia State Sanitarium (CSH) in 1910. The Color of Hope: People of Color Mental Health Narrativesis a project that sheds light on mental health in communities of color by sharing stories by those affected by mental illness. But one thing is for sureCentral State Hospital still looms over the city of Milledgeville and in the minds of those who walked the halls. The Nursing School of the controversial Milledgeville State Hospital, which was also variously known as the Georgia State Lunatic, Idiot, and Epileptic Asylum; the Georgia State Sanitarium; and the Central State Hospital; began as a two-year training program, graduating 286 certified nurses. (Widescreen (16:9, enhanced)..). L. WolfeVirginia O. WolfeJames N. WoodLourancy L. WoodMary WoodHamilton G. WoodallJames WoodallTelitha WoodallW. Founded amid the social reform movements of the nineteenth century and expanded to one of the nation's largest mental health institutions in the twentieth century, Central State Hospital at Milledgeville has been at the center of debates over the role of government in public health. Historian Zeb Larson traces how our response to the mentally ill has been shaped by a faith that such illness can be cured and a desire to deal with the mentally ill as cheaply as possible. F. M. MannJohn R. MansonAbraham C. MartinBenjamin MasonHenry G. MathewsGeorge MaxwellJuliana MayerHarvey S. MayneIsabella MayneThomas McBeeHugh McCa??Mrs. VerstilleJohn WadeJohn M. WadeSusan WadkinsSusannah WaldenAnn B. WalkerGeorge WalkerGreen WalkerJ. Medical Treatments Prescribed by Dr. Stockton (75.4 kb), According to her reports, Stockton's primary job was to provide "treatment for the relief of derangements and diseases of the pelvic organs by which both the mental and physical health of insane women might be benefitted." But the work of Dr. Evert and like-minded reformers was not completely in vain: finally, in 1880, the legislature appointed an investigating committee to review charges of staff misconduct at state penal and charitable institutions. B. MitchellJulia A. MitchellMartha E. MitchellNathaniel MitchellPatrick MolineCatherine MoodyMargaret MoodySarah MoodyLucy MooneyCatherine S. MooreEliza Ann MooreF. The ICAPGen service mark and the Accredited Genealogist and AG registered marks are the sole property of the International Commission for the Accreditation of Professional Genealogists. M. FortDr. For decades, the hospital confined its "worst inmates", those who screamed incessantly or who were bellicose, to the basement or the "dungeons" of the hospital. Thayer, an active member of Post 165 of the Grand Army of the Republic (G.A.R), also spurred a movement among G.A.R. A History of Mental Illness Since 1984, Black Mental Health Alliance has provided a trusted forum to lead and promote a holistic, culturally-relevant approach to the development and maintenance of whole health especially mental health programs and services for Black people and vulnerable communities. Hoosier Agricultural Products, 1885-86[83 kb]. Crispin Gomez, 25, has been charged with injury to a disabled . The panel, which will include two retired Central State Hospital nurses and Gail Godwin, Assistant Professor of Nursing at Georgia College and co-author of an oral history study on psychiatric clinical experiences, will discuss the history of nursing and how Central State Hospital changed the medical field in Georgia. Fortunately, in the 1880s and 90s, reform-minded superintendents and community activists successfully lobbied for more funding to improve the hospital's appearance. The Kent State University Press. There is still a TON of patient records in the Powell building and one of the others. Requiring patients to work while they received treatment at CSH was one way to encourage patients to work after their discharge. Title: Atlas of East and Coastal Georgia Watercourses and Militia Districts An article providing a briefhistory of electroconvulsive therapy from The American Journal of Psychiatry. Acquisition Information Transferred by Linda C. Coake, Southside Virginia Training Center, 26317 W. Washington St., Warehouse Building 120, Petersburg, Virginia, 23803, 14 February 2005. C. ArmstrongAnn ArmstrongHugh G. ArmstrongBartholomew ArnoldJames ArnoldElijah C. ArthurDaniel AshfordDennis AshfordDaniel AshmoreBenjamin F. AskewJohn AtchesonJames D. AtkinsonJames G. atkinsonJohn AtkinsonIsaiah AttawayMajor Isaiah AttawayRebecca AverySamuel AveryHannah BackleyEdward J. BackleyEdward J. BaconSofronia BailyWilliam BairdMartin BakerW. Throughout the text, minor changes were made to improve ease of reading; this included adding and removing commas, as well as changing capitalized common nouns to lower case. The Nursing School of the controversial Milledgeville State Hospital, which was also variously known as the Georgia State Lunatic, Idiot, and Epileptic Asylum; the Georgia State Sanitarium; and the Central State Hospital; began as a two-year training program, graduating 286 certified nurses. Later in 1891, the managers of the Indiana Reform School for Girls and Woman's Prison appointed Dr. Stockton as the institution's physician. Ruth Hartley Mosley Center B. EdwardsMary ElardAdam EllisJohn EllisN. 200 Smith Drive . P. KingJames KingJohn L. KingThomas W. KingA. T. ChapmanEdwin E. ChapmanWilson M. ChapmanBenjamin T. ChastainFlemming ChildersJohn ChildersMartha A. ChildersHowell E. ChittyWilliam A. ChoiceMary ClantonA. Central State Hospital, the name given. She noted in a 1885 report that "irregularities of menstruation are common among insane women, but I do not believe that in every instance it takes part in causing insanity. Central State Hospital W. C. HorneLaban HortonM. S. LewisMark R. LewisNathaniel D. LewisWilliam LewisWilliam Henry LewisWilliam B. LewisMary Ann LindsayElizabeth J. C. LittleJ. The Nursing School of the controversial Milledgeville State Hospital, which was also variously known as the Georgia State Lunatic, Idiot, and Epileptic Asylum; the Georgia State Sanitarium; and the Central State Hospital; began as a two-year training program, graduating 286 certified nurses. W. WalkerMary WalkerMary E. WalkerMartha WallaceEllis M. WallerJane WallerMary WallerWilliam WaltonSamuel L. WardFrancis W. WarnerJames B. WarrenPatsey WarrenPatsy WarrenWilliam WarrenElizabeth WarwickWilliam M. WarwickJames WashingtonHezekiah WassleAtha WatersFas. Old Capital Press. Admission Register of Central State Hospital, Milledgeville, Georgia, 1842-1861. While Edenharter's great dream of making CSH a center for scientific research and cutting-edge treatment was never realized during his tenure, the pathology department did attract exceptional physicians, like Max Bahr and Walter L. Bruetsch, who brought his dream to fruition. But for the grace of God: the inside story of the world's largest insane asylum, Milledgeville! A. JonesMary S. JonesSophia M. JonesWalton H. JonesWilliam W. JonesIra J. JordanThomas G. JordanWalter G. JordanRobert JusticeEdward KeanEliza M. KeanPhilip KeanAnna L. KeatonJohn KeatonJacob KeenerJ. Includes: patient histories, causes of mental illness, diagnoses, treatments, county of residence, education level, religion, birthplace, by whom committed and supported, effectiveness of treatment, when admitted and discharged. The introduction of garment piece work in the nineteenth century and sewing machines in the early twentieth indicated that industrialization had crept into the minds of CSH physicians and into the work rooms of the hospital. Note: When sending an email to the Indiana State Archives, please be sure to include a very clear subject heading, i.e, Civil War, Soldier's Home, Hospital Records, Morton Telegrams, etc. Local, state, and federal government websites often end in .gov. A Journal of Neurosurgery article presenting a historical account of Walter Freemans life and career, and the popularization of the lobotomy in the US. In 1896, the pathology building, complete with an amphitheater, pathological museum, dissection and autopsy rooms, library, photography room, and three laboratories, was opened for scientific research. By the second half the nineteenth century, however, a new, burgeoning middle-class, the nouveau riche, redefined its values to include behaviors and beliefs that were beneficial to industrial capitalism. At CSH, patient abuse continued to be a problem until its closure in 1994. A few exceptional superintendents, such as William Fletcher, demanded that the medical staff limit severe drug treatment to the worst cases and reduce the dosage of milder drugs for the masses of patients. Closed Hospitals in New York State Location of Hospital Medical Records . In the early 1890s, Superintendent Edenharter, seeking recognition from the medical community and hoping to expand medical research at CSH, lobbied for funds to construct a hospital pathology laboratory. S. ForsterWilliam M. ForsterC. StephensSarah StephensFrances StokesSylvanus StokesRussell StowersDaisy StricklandMary StroudP. She even worked some later there as a helper for patients. Payton B. Cook Building, Forensics Facility Anyone been successful in that? Many of the more harsh treatments fell out of vogue in the 1880s and '90s as compassionate superintendents and reformers, like William Fletcher and Nellie Bly, and physicians imbued with the scientific spirit, like CSH superintendent George Edenharter, pushed for change. Includes: acceptance and discharge letters from CSH medical superintendent to patients, county courts, and patients' guardians, 1848-1900; correspondence exchanged between CSH medical superintendents' and county courts; physicians' correspondence to patients and Legislative Visiting Committee, 1890-1937; bulk of 20th-century correspondence dates from 1950-1994 and includes departmental and administrative correspondence. If you or your organization would like to volunteer or sponsor a special event or project, or donate clothing, shoes, or coats, please contact Lisa Vaughn, Coordinator at 478.445.4212. Records of Central State Hospital, 1874-1961. For a half-century, this complex array of buildings and gardens beckoned to all of the state's mentally ill. By 1905, however, mental health institutions built in Evansville, Logansport, Madison, and Richmond relieved an overcrowded Central State Hospital of some of its patient load, leaving it to treat only those from the "central district", an area of 38 counties situated in the middle portion of the state. Milledgeville, GA 31062, 171 Allen Road Look at these 25 photos inside of its walls: About. T. BridgesTheodore BridgesWilliam BrockettMoses BrockmanDavid BroderickJohn BroffyJoab B. BrooksEmily BrownJames M. BrownMartha Ann BrownPolly Ann BrownSilas BrownJohn BrumbiloCharles BrunningCaroline O. BryanFrederick BryanAnnie BuddThomas BullardJ. Following the closure of the Nursing School in 1947, the hospital became the site of a three-month psychiatric nursing rotation for students both in and out of state. For more information please contact Mike Couch at 478-454-1850. Digital Collections provides unique access to NLM's rich resources. Thus, CSH physicians typically attributed insanity to a host of social problems as diverse as domestic abuse to "Mexican War excitement" to Millerism (a religious sect founded on the belief that God's wrath would descend upon the earth before the millennium). Psychosurgery, Ethics, and Media: A History of Walter Freeman and the Lobotomy If you have not received an initial response from the Indiana State Archives within a few weeks, please resubmit your request. Primarily, she served as a general practitioner on the women's wards, treating female patients for a wide range of physical and mental ailments. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. J. HoughGeorge Frederick HouserMary HowardN. Rather than viewing the body holistically and attributing diseases to social and moral forces, physicians began to imagine disease as microscopic germs invading certain organs or groups of organs. Call the Visitor's Center to reserve your tickets at (478) 452-4687. For Dr. Fletcher, as well as many other Victorians, women physicians were the best qualified to treat female patients with reproductive problems because Victorian women, who were modest, scrupulous and moral beings, should not be corrupted by male physicians performing pelvic examinations. Early in the century, work was more recreational -- merely a means of occupying the time of bored patients. M. CookJames CookJesse M. CookJohn BunyunJohn S. CookJohn Bunyan CookR. When I look at the latter years of one set of my paternal 2nd great-grandparents, I see a similarity. In the 1960s, the American psychiatric community recognized that large mental health institutions were neither particularly effective nor good for their patients; with help from state and federal politicians, they began to de-institutionalize the mentally ill. For many, de-institutionalization was a positive and a life-saving event, but for the many severely mentally-ill denizens wandering our country's streets, it was a dismal failure. In addition, CSH provides staff-supervised residential homes in the community serving individuals with behavioral health disorders (Central Care Community Services).

Nmf Topic Modeling Visualization, Top Female Bachata Singers, Articles C